Mercury bioaccumulation and hepatosomatic index of yellow. But no significant difference was found among the fish fed con, tbb 12. The hepatosomatic indices of fish treated with the three doses of aluminium sulphate were higher compared to the control group. Abstract snakehead fish channa striata is a freshwater fish commodities that have high economic value, while their needs depend on natural catching. At the end of the trial, hepatosomatic index hsi and viscerosomatic index vsi were calculated. Information on the reproductive biology of some economically important fish species which. Hsi has been reported to decrease in fish exposed to high concentrations of cadmium and zinc.
Condition factor of the specimens were determined by using the formula. It is the ratio of fish gonad weight to body weight, it is particularly helpful in identifying days and seasons of spawning, as the. Pdf studies on length weight relationship, condition factor. Cf of con was significantly higher than tbb 12 and tbb 50 diets. Hepatosomatic index hsi is defined as the ratio of liver weight to body weight.
Seasonal changes in condition, hepatosomatic index and. Variations in hepatosomatic index hsi and gonadosomatic. Oleaginous yeast as a component in fish feed scientific reports. It is a tool for measuring the sexual maturity of animals in correlation to ovary development and testes development. Activities of liver trypsin, intestinal trypsin, liver amylase. These fish feeds were isonitrogenus 30 g 100 g1 and isocaloric 4 kcal g1 in nature. Oogenesis, hepatosomatic and gonadosomatic indexes, and. Oleaginous yeast as a component in fish feed scientific. This study aims to determine the effect of supplementation of lumbricus sp. The quality of feed can be improved by fermenting feedstuffs and supplementing with feed additives. Effects of enzymatically hydrolyzed fish byproducts in diet. Pdf the selection of viscerosomatic and hepatosomatic. The hepatosomatic index hsi is a widely known as bioindicator of contaminant exposure goede and barton, 1990. The use of hepatic and somatic indices and histological.
Condition factor and hepatosomatic index as estimates of energy status in male three. The lowest hepatosomatic indices were observed in fish fed the 25 and 50% yellow mealworm replacement diets. Because the liver is so important in detoxification, exposure to contaminants can lead to an increase in liver size from hypertrophy an increase in size, hyperplasia an increase in number. Reproductive aspects in addition to condition factor, gonadosomatic index gsi and hepatosomatic index hsi were analyzed based on weight of the body length, total body weight and organ weights of the fish. The liver has a role in the ovarian development, therefore, the hepatosomatic index was correlated with gonadosomatic index. Tag, hepatoprotective effect of mulberry morus nigra leaves extract against methotrexate induced hepatotoxicity in male albino rat, in bmc complementary and alternative medicine. Biological sampling macroscopic biological indices year samples fish n sampled sex. Ee2 exposure on the hepatosomatic index and liver composition of adult danio rerio. Oct 29, 2018 while there are a number of reports on utilising yeasts as a protein source in fish feed e. Gonadosomatic and hepatosomatic indices of the freshwater fish notopterus notopterus pallas in response to some heavy metal exposure. Materials and methods this study was performed in recirculating systems, each consisting of four 20 l plastic tanks. Since mercury is known to bioaccumulate, top level predators are. Nickell, in feed and feeding practices in aquaculture, 2015.
Liver somatic indexlsi was a comparison between the liver weight and the body weight of the fish multipled by 100. One of the hormones that can be used is pregnant mare serum gonadotropin pmsg and antidopamine with. This study found that the hepatosomatic index and serum levels of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase enzyme were significantly lower in fishfed astaxanthin. Somatic and total condition index the broodstock from each treatment were sampled on a monthly basis. Moisture of the liver and gonads was removed with the help of blotting paper and then weight of liver and gonads was recorded in grams. Puntius conchonius, oogenesis, sex ratio, hepatosomatic index, gonadosomatic index, histology. Gonadosomatic and hepatosomatic indices of freshwater fish. The relationship between plasma e 2 levels with these indices and ovarian growth was also evaluated. The effects of astaxanthin on certain liver and blood parameters of rainbow trout o. Therefore, sampling bias towards actively feeding fish is not likely to be a concern in this study. Pdf studies on length weight relationship, condition.
Apart from biochemical composition of fish, various indices such as condition factor k, hepatosomatic index hsi and gonadosomatic index gsi play an important role to. While there are a number of reports on utilising yeasts as a protein source in fish feed e. Studies on length weight relationship, condition factor and. Liver somatic index lsi of the treatment and control group were respectively 1. Health assessment and histopathologic analyses of fish. In general, hormonal induction commonly used for the efficiency of female parent utilization and enhancement quality and quantity of fish fry. The testes are relatively large weir, 1974, and the gonadosomatic index testes massbody weight in the adult chinchilla is relatively high compared to most mammals, but is similar to rats and mice leal and franca, 2008. In order to complete the task present study was undertaken to trace accurately spawning period of c. Gonadosomatic and hepatosomatic indices of freshwater. Determination of liver somatic index lsi and gonadosomatic. The k chart later in this note indicates the relationship between salmonid length and weight.
The selection of viscerosomatic and hepatosomatic issn. Preparatory phase gonadosomatic index of fish increases with maturation being maximum during peak period of maturity and abruptly. Pdf gonadosomatic and hepatosomatic indices of freshwater. Feb 02, 2009 hepatosomatic index hsi is defined as the ratio of liver weight to body weight. Activities of liver trypsin, intestinal trypsin, liver amylase, intestinal amylase, intestinal lipase, and starch digestibility in fish fed am. K 100 x w l3 bagenal, 1978 where, k condition factor, w total body weight gm, l standard length cm hepatosomatic index hsi was determined htunhun, 1978.
Comparing histology and gonadosomatic index for determining spawning condition of smallbodied riverine fishes. The effects of growth performance and organosomatic. The regression coefficient for macrognathus aral juveniles and males were found to be lower than 3 indicating negative allometric pattern of growth where as in females it was greater than 3 suggesting positive allometric growth. A ttest indicated that there was no significant evidence of a difference for cell counts using imagej. Each month, at least 10 female broodfish were sacrificed to collect liver, ovary and blood for hsi, gsi and plasma e 2. A number of issues have been raised about fultons kindex as a measure of fish health, ranging from inaccurate representations of the length weight relationships to biased estimates for fishes. Biomarkers and bioindicators of the environmental condition. Studies on the fecundity f, gonadosomatic index gsi. The gonadosomatic index, abbreviated as gsi, is the calculation of the gonad mass as a proportion of the total body mass.
K 100 x w l3 bagenal, 1978 where, k condition factor, w total body weight gm, l standard length cm hepatosomatic index hsi was determined htunhun, 1978 as. Study on the seasonal variation in the chemical composition. After calculating the % of gsi the period of maturity of fish was divided into following stages quyyam and quasim, 1961 ophiocephalus puntatus. E 2 level in female rabbit fish siganus guttatus were investigated. In a poor environment, fish usually have a smaller liver with less energy reserved in the liver. Gonadosomatic index which is an index of gonad size relative to fish size is a good indicator of gonadal development in fish 2 the percentage of body weight of fish that is used for production of eggs is determined by the gonadosomatic index.
Gonadosomatic index gsi, hepatosomatic index hsi and. Gonadosomatic index an overview sciencedirect topics. Environmental and experimental studies of aluminium. Hsi is defined as liver weight and fish weight ratio. Evaluation of growth performance of tilapia oreochromis. The chinchilla testis has a high seminiferous tubule volume and. Condition factor and hepatosomatic index as estimates of energy. The chinchilla testis has a high seminiferous tubule volume and density leal and franca, 2008. Fish and fisheriesbiologists often require estimates of energy status of a given individual fish and, depending on circumstances, techniques for making such. The biomarkers that were investigated were the hepatosomatic index hsi, 7ethoxyresorufinodeethylase erod activity and glutathionestransferase gst activity. Similarly, higher gonadosomatic index peaks were seen at july, october, february and june during 19992000. Fish reproductive investment is the result of essential life. At the end of the feeding trial the viscerosomatic index vsi and hepatosomatic index hsi were analyzed based on total body weight and organ weights of the fish.
Jan 22, 2019 there was no significant difference in hepatosomatic index hsi. The results obtained indicated adverse effects on the gonads as well as on liver weight. Studies on length weight relationship, condition factor. The seasonal changes in hepatosomatic index hsi, gonadosomatic index gsi and plasma estradiol. Condition factor and hepatosomatic index as estimates of.
A number of issues have been raised about fultons k index as a measure of fish health, ranging from inaccurate representations of the length weight relationships to biased estimates for fishes. Hepatosomatic index an overview sciencedirect topics. Gsi is the persentage of gonad weight and fish weight ratio including gonads that expressed gonadal changes quantitatively 14. To determine hsi, liver weights were determined using the formula. Compared with hsi in teleostean fishes, the index was remarkably high in these holocephalian fishes. Effects of enzymatically hydrolyzed fish byproducts in. Similarly, the values of condition index k, relative gut length rgl and hepatosomatic index hsi had no significant differences between groups. Camparing histology and gonadosomatic index for determining spawing condition of small bodied riverine fishes. Rosy barbs were reared from one batch of eggs in aquaria at 27r1qc, and larvae were stocked at 5 larvael.
The hepatosomatic index of the fish was determined by the use of equation cited by parmeswaran 1974. Apart from biochemical composition of fish, various indices such as condition factor k, hepatosomatic index hsi and gonadosomatic index gsi play an important role to provide initial clue about the health condition of fish. Gonadosomatic and hepatosomatic indices of freshwater fish oreochromis mossambicus in response to a plant nutrient. Fish exposed to the highest dose had significantly higher p condition factor, k, for salmonid fish bamboorods. Gonadosomatic and hepatosomatic indices of the freshwater. Seasonal changes in hepatosomatic index, gonadosomatic index. The percentage of splenic tissue occupied by macrophage aggregates and hepatosomatic index hsi were evaluated in rock bass ambloplites rupestris from burlington harbor, vermont. The scientific management for obtaining high yield of fish production eventually calls the adequate and in depth study of breeding mechanism. In 1992, fish collected from the inner burlington harbor area had a significantly greater percentage of splenic tissue occupied by macrophage aggregates and greater hsi than did fish from reference sites. This index is frequently used as reporting point in oecd test guideline.
The selection of viscerosomatic and hepatosomatic issn 2347. Variation from an expected weight for a given length may be due to nutrition, environmental quality, or stage of. Seasonal changes in hepatosomatic index, gonadosomatic. The purpose of this research was to determine the effectiveness of hormone pmsg on gonadosomatic index gsi and hepatosomatic index hsi. The effects of growth performance and organosomatic indices. It provides an indication on status of energy reserve in an animal. Materials and methods the test fish heteropneustes fossilis. Variations in hepatosomatic index hsi and gonadosomatic index gsi in fish heteropneustes fossilis exposed to higher sublethal concentration to arsenic and copper the effect of sub lethal concentration 1. The highest values of gonadosomatic index for females are seen in the months of october, april and june during 199899. Measuring fish condition has become a standard practice in. The hsi was calculated according to the method of rajaguru, 1992 17 by determining the weight of hepatopancreas as a percentage of the total live.
Oogenesis, hepatosomatic and gonadosomatic indexes, and sex. Oreochromis mossambicus micronutrient hepatosomatic index gonadosomatic index. Hepatic tissue of 6 controls and 5 ee2 individuals was analyzed using histology to record hepatocyte counts, hepatosomatic index and structural differences. Fish body weight and weight of gonad gives the gonadosomatic index g. Study of gonadosomatic index of cyprinid fish, salmostoma. Seasonal cycles in weight and condition in atlantic cod. After sampling, the body, liver and ovary of each female fish were weighed for inclusion in the hepatosomatic and gonadosomatic indices. Studies on the fecundity f, gonadosomatic index gsi and.
Gonadosomatic and hepatosomatic indices of freshwater fish oreochromis mossambicus in response to a plant nutrient article pdf available january 20 with 2,340 reads how we measure reads. Bioindicators at the level of the individual fish included in this assessment are the biomarkers. Evaluation of pmsg oodev application on hepatosomatic and. There was no significant difference in hepatosomatic index hsi. Also, the hepatosomatic and viscerosomatic indices values are used to determine the fish health status where an increase in the hepatosomatic index is an indication of the energy reserve in fish.